ADHD Medication and Pregnancy
Psychiatrists are often approached by women who are trying for the birth of a child or are pregnant, and are concerned about the effects of their ADHD medication. There's good news: Research suggests that, overall it is safe to continue taking stimulant medication during pregnancy.
The findings are based on naturalistic studies with a large number of exposures to the first trimester.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy and the birth of a child are exciting times for women, but many are concerned about the effects of their ADHD medication on their unborn child. Some doctors advise their patients to quit taking stimulant medication during pregnancy or when trying to have a baby. However, many people suffering from ADHD require the benefits of their medication to function in daily life and may be unable to function without it during this time.
A recent study from Denmark discovered that exposure to methylphenidate within the first trimester (in the form a redemption medication) did not appear to increase the risk of malformations that cause major damage when compared to the control group who did not receive redeemed medication in the first trimester. The study used registry-based information from several Danish databases to identify pregnant women and their medications prior to and during pregnancy including information about whether the woman was treated for ADHD.
Researchers monitored 898 babies whose mothers were exposed to methylphenidate and other stimulants in the first trimester. They were compared to 1,270 babies who were part of the group that did not receive methylphenidate, or any other stimulant medication in the first three months of pregnancy.
Both groups of infants were subjected to a comprehensive assessment for abnormalities in the fetal heart, such as gastroschisis or Omphalocele. The results found that the babies of women who were exposed to methylphenidate in utero did not have increased rates of any of these conditions compared to the controls. This was true for both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.
This is a promising outcome that can provide comfort to pregnant women who are taking ADHD medication and who may wish or require treatment throughout the pregnancy. This study did not assess the effects of lifestyle changes or other medications on the pregnant fetus. Other studies have revealed that there is a link between stimulant medications and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as a caesarean birth or a baby needing assistance to breathe at birth.
Breastfeeding
Many women who have ADD or ADHD find that breastfeeding is beneficial for their child even if they need to take medication to manage their symptoms. It is important that the mother and infant are well-nourished. Therefore, the choice to breastfeed or take ADHD medication should be made in consultation with a healthcare professional. Based on the most recent guidelines and research1, a woman doesn't need to stop breastfeeding in order to take her prescribed medication. Numerous studies have proven that the neurodevelopmental effects on the infant's long-term health are minimal when a mother is taking her ADHD medication as prescribed.
Stimulants are the most commonly used treatment for ADHD, including methylphenidate (with brand names Ritalin and Concerta) and dexamfetamine (brand name Vyvanse). They are available in immediate-release forms, which lasts for up to four hours, and extended-release formulations which are taken twice a day in the morning. They could last as long as 16 hours. Many people with ADD or ADHD find that the best way to combat their symptoms is to take the extended-release medication with immediate-release pills in the afternoon or evening.
Some medications are not suitable for breastfeeding, such as Clonidine, which decreases prolactin levels and lowers production of milk. Certain people with ADD or ADHD are not able to stop breastfeeding for this reason. They decide to switch their medication to an alternative stimulant or non-stimulant, such as atomoxetine or guanfacine. These medications have lower RIDs and are more likely to be covered by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. It is essential to talk with a GP or a specialist if are considering changing your medication during breastfeeding, pregnancy or in the early postpartum period. They can give advice on the safest medication and the best way to monitor your baby's weight and growth. The GP or specialist can assist in referring to a psychiatrist or psychologist to receive additional assistance. They may also refer you to a dietitian who can assist in nutrition and diet.
Postpartum
During pregnancy, women go through massive physical, hormonal, and emotional changes. The transition to motherhood can bring great excitement, joy, and affection, but also anger or anxiety for some women. This is normal, and it's essential to seek help from family members, her doctor and/or mental health experts if the mother is struggling.
It's exciting to have a child, but it can also be overwhelming, but a new mother shouldn't feel like she must take on everything by herself. Finding the right balance isn't easy, but you can help yourself by taking time to rest and get a good night's sleep. It is also essential to go to your postpartum checkups as they can detect any issues that could be developing early on.
The "baby blues" is the term used to describe a brief time in which some women experience depressed or anxious after the birth of their baby. This is a normal occurrence that will usually subside on its own in a week or so. However for some, these feelings can become more serious and last longer than that. This is referred to as postpartum depression and is a treatable illness. If a woman has had anxiety or depression in the past it, she is at a greater risk of developing it again following the birth of her child.
In rare instances, a woman may develop postpartum psychiasis. This is extremely dangerous for both mother and child. It is a psychiatric emergency that should be treated promptly. Treatment could consist of a combination of medication and therapy. best adhd medication for adults with anxiety who has had experience with this illness can be extremely beneficial. If the symptoms are severe electroconvulsive (ECT) therapy is advised.
If a mother experiencing postpartum psychosis, her doctor is likely to prescribe an antipsychotic medication such as lithium or valproate, and an antidepressant such as citalopram. They will also likely recommend the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy to address the underlying issues. Tricyclic antidepressants such as nortriptyline and imipramine are occasionally employed, but they can cause difficult side effects and are usually only prescribed when other medications haven't worked.
Adolescence
Adolescence is an important period of cognitive, physical and psychosocial development. It involves a shift from dependence on parents to a sense of independence when making decisions and taking action in the world around them. Adolescents begin to consider expanding their social circle beyond the immediate family, to include their friends, peers, and acquaintances. Their social networks may also include members of teams in sports, student organizations or jobs.
In adolescence, the biological changes in brain connectivity and structure occur in conjunction with the increase in experience, knowledge, and changing social demands, resulting in rapid cognitive development. This includes improvements in selective and divided focus (the ability of focusing on several stimuli at the same time), working memory, and long-term memory. Additionally, adolescents' ability to think abstractly and morally increases.
These cognitive changes are accompanied by hormonal changes that cause adolescents to be more attracted to novel and challenging experiences. The hormones in their bodies also trigger them to look for experiences that improve their standing in the public's eyes. adhd medication ritalin to explore new things can be used positively for instance, by taking part in a school performance. It is also a good way to take risks that are healthy like exploring sexual activity or other risky behavior in the event that they are in a secure and supportive environment.
The different levels of physical development can result in awkward stages of adolescence and feelings of anxiety or self-consciousness about the changes in their bodies. In certain cultures, like those of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, adolescence can be a period when young people find their place in relation to their families, clans and their countries and their ancestors as well as their country.
Teens' relationships with friends can be a source of strength or conflict during this time. These relationships are important for adolescents' health and can significantly impact their happiness and well-being. The relationship of adolescents with their parents can also be an important source of support, particularly when they can resolve family issues in a non-threatening manner.